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The Roman frontier in Dobrudja: 18. Salsovia

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  • The Roman frontier in Dobrudja: 18. Salsovia

Salsovia

Mahmudia (Salsovia – ItAnt 226, 3; ND, Or. 39, 26; IGLR 271b)

Location:  Tulcea county (160733.12; TL-I-s-A-05833)

 

Salsovia - Fotografie aeriană oblică
Aerial oblique photograph

The fortification was located on a promontory located on the bank of Sf. Gheorghe arm. It is in the immediate vicinity of the village, access can be made via roads 222c, then 222K.

An auxiliary fort probably functioned here, rebuilt or overlaid by a late Roman fortification, its ruins are partially distinguishable today. The funerary inscription of a centurion of the legion I Italica (ISM V 290) was discovered here, as well as a military diploma dated January 97 (CIL XVI 41), awarded however to the troops of Moesia Superior. The fortification was rebuilt in the late period, a vexillatio in castris Salsoviensibus (ISM V 29B = IGLR 271) was already attested here in the time of Licinius. Milites quinti Constantiniani are later attested. Salsovia is also mentioned in Notitiae Episcopatuum, as the seat of a provincial bishop in the 6th century AD.

Salsovia - dtm
Digital terrain model of the fortification and civil settlement

Detailed investigations were carried out within a multidisciplinary project carried out over a decade ago and the published results brought important clarifications regarding the site plan and some elements related to its chronology. From the data we have collected, we have made some minor improvements. The plan of the fortification, mainly the contour of the enclosure, could be reconstructed following the realization of a 3D model of the plateau and the processing of its data. The most visible contours could be identified by the prints of the modern ditches of ancient walls. The outline of the late Roman fortification follows the level curves of the plateau, thus the shape that can be reconstructed is quite irregular, defining itself as an irregular hexagon. The longest southern side is 120 m, and the distance between the northern and southern enclosure is 150 m. The contours of the southwest corner tower, the contours of the gate in the middle of the side, respectively a curvature corresponding to the southeast corner are distinguished on the south side. The north and north-east sides were largely overlapped by World War I trenches.

Salsovia - ortofotoplan
Orthophoplan
Salsovia - hillshade
Hillshade model
Salsovia - reconstituiri suprapuse
Reconstruction of the fortification enclosure superimposed on the orthophotoplan and reconstruction sketch of the internal planimetry (Topoleanu, Bogdan, Haynes 2012, 110, fig. 3)

Part of the study:

Ovidiu Țentea, Ioan C. Opriș, Florian Matei-Popescu, Alexandru Rațiu, Constantin Băjenaru, Vlad Călina, Frontiera romană din Dobrogea. O trecere în revistă și o actualizare, Cercetări Arheologice, Vol. 26, pag. 9-82, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.46535/ca.26.01

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Bibliography

Zahariade, Gudea 1997, 82, nr. 54; I. Haynes, D. Bogdan, F. Topoleanu, Salsovia: A Roman Fort and Town on the Lower Danube. The Lower Danube in Antiquity (VI C BC – VI C AD), in: International Archaeological Conference Bulgaria-Tutrakan, 6.-7.10.2005 (ed.L.F. Vagalinski), Sofia, 131-140; Topoleanu, Bogdan, Haynes 2012, 101-144.

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Cercetări Arheologice Journal
Calea Victoriei 12, 3 rd District, 030026 Bucharest, Romania
ISSN (print): 0255-6812
ISSN (online) : 2821-806X
ISSN-L: 0255-6812
Publisher: National Museum of Romanian History
Editorial board
E-mail: contact@cercetari-arheologice.ro
Editor in chief: Silviu Oța
E-mail: silviuota@yahoo.com

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