Cu privire la graniţa de sud-vest a Daciei Romane (II). Sectorul Porţilor de Fier

Cercetări Arheologice 16, 2009, 355-369
https://doi.org/10.46535/ca.16.20



Cu privire la graniţa de sud-vest a Daciei Romane (II). Sectorul Porţilor de Fier

About the south–western border of Roman Dacia (II). The Iron Gates sector

Authors: Doina Benea

Keywords:

Dacia, Moesia Superior, armată romană, frontieră, castre

Dacia; Moesia Superior; roman army; frontier; castra

Abstract:

The Iron Gates region has a special situation on the Roman border. This is due to several causes, the main one being the difficulties of navigation in this sector in at least three areas: Cazanele Mari, Cazanele Mici and the Iron Gates itself (with statio Cataractarum). In the first two cases, the difficulty of navigation was so great due to the strong currents in the narrow area of the river within the mountains that imposed the supervision of the fluvial traffic. The small width of the Danube in this sector, of just a few hundred meters, might ease a barbarian or any other kind of attack on the settlements from the banks of the Danube. There are two different opinions expressed in the literature: the first one states that the presence of the same auxiliary troupes on both sides of the Danube might argument this territory belonged to Upper Moesia1 ; the second opinion considers possible the military union of the two provinces in great military distress times2 , such as the Marcomannic wars, when the unique command of the two Dacian provinces and the Upper Moesia was given to M. Claudius Fronto. To this situation, mainly determined by natural causes, we must add the attacks of the free Dacians upon the Lower Danube provinces during the reign of Antoninus Pius, that occurred in a general context of attacks over to Roman Empire border (Germania, Africa, Parthian movements etc.), but most probably they were determined by certain movements of the barbarian European tribes that pressed upon the populations in the near vicinity of the Roman borders. It is possible that after the attacks in 155–157 the middle earth wall that crossed the south–west region of Dacia was raised, becoming the provincial border in this sector3 . These military events are, with good reason, considered a prelude of the Marcomannic wars. The situation continued in the following decades. The troupes were maintained on both sides of the Danube even after these events, because the peace was heavily established, after almost two decades of wars with the Marcomanmians and other people, and in the IIIrd century this was seen as the only possibility to control the entire area.

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How to cite: Doina Benea, Cu privire la graniţa de sud-vest a Daciei Romane (II). Sectorul Porţilor de Fier, Cercetări Arheologice, Vol. 16, pag. 355-369, 2009, doi: https://doi.org/10.46535/ca.16.20

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